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| Overview |
In this autobiography with a twist, students conduct interviews and research
online and at the library to find details on what was going on internationally,
nationally, locally, in sports, music, arts, commercial, TV, and publishing during
the year that they were born. After they've gathered their research, students
weave the detail into a paper that they publish as a newspaper or booklet.
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| From Theory to Practice |
This mini-research paper draws on Daniels and Bizar’s idea of integrative
units, combining research into a specific historical time and research into students’ family
lives with the English study of understanding voice and point of view in a writing
assignment. Carol Booth Olson believes
authentic research “stems from a student’s intense need to know about
a topic that has immediate relevance for him or her,” much as Ken Macrorie’s
I-Search paper. In this instance, the topic the student is researching
is his or her place in the world at the time of his or her birth.
Further Reading
Daniels, Harvey and Marilyn Bizar. Methods That Matter. York, ME:
Stenhouse Publishers, 1998.
Olson, Carol Booth. The Reading/Writing Connection. Boston, MA:
Allyn And Bacon, 2003.
Shafer, Gregory. “Re-envisioning
Research.” English
Journal 89.1 (September 1999): 45-50.
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| Student Objectives |
Students will:
- conduct research, using a variety of resources including personal interviews,
primary documents, and online research.
- evaluate resources to find those best for the
project.
- demonstrate an understanding of point of view by adopting the voice of a
family member or another adult.
- write an autobiographical research paper.
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| Instructional Plan |
Resources
Preparation
Instruction and Activities
Session One
- Handout the Year
I Was Born Research Project and the Research Paper
Rubric.
- Share the details of the activity with the handouts then share the sample
paper.
- If you desired, share additional
examples online.
- Discuss the research strategies that students will use, brainstorming sample
interview questions and ways that students can use library and online resources.
- Help students choose their storyteller by providing a variety of options
and examples.
- Students should interview others about the first year of their
life. Many students will be able to interview their family about their birth
and first year of life as well as look through family photographs,
their baby books, and so forth. It is inevitable, however, that you will
have one or more students who will not have this kind of family information
due to divorce, being adopted later in life, being a ward of the state, or
in the case of one of my students, a house fire. Make exceptions for these
students and talk about the exceptions in class to be sure that all students
are included, suggesting they interview anyone who might know some of their
history, or skip the interview part entirely and have them do their project
using just their research.
Students can also write from a fictional point of view, for example, taking the
persona of a reporter writing a special report about the year with their birth
taking a prominent place. If they have no older siblings, the story can be
told from the perspective of a household pet that was in the family before
them.
- If desirable, change the assignment to a slightly different focus, to fit
more of your students’ experiences. For instance, students might research
and write about “The
Year I Was Adopted,” “My First Year of School,” or “The
Year We Moved.” You may wish to provide some guidelines, such as the
event explored should have happened at least 5 years ago.
Session Two and Three
- Arrange for library and online research time, where students can consult
periodicals such as Time, Newsweek, and U.S. News and World
Report for the month
and year they were born.
- Remind students that their research might
include commercials, slogans, births, deaths, sports news, movies, books,
plays, music, financial, national news, international news, religious events,
music, TV shows, and local news.
- Have students search for their birth date on the Internet. Many of these
sites give information for their birth date throughout history. To narrow
to the year they were born, choose only those events that occurred in their
birth year.
- Pass out the Web Resources Handout and the Research Form for
students to use during their research.
- Remind students to record all of their information from their interviews
and research on the Research Form, including the information needed
to prepare a Works Cited page.
- Point students to their class textbook for information on MLA format.
- While students work, monitor their progress, offering feedback and assistance
as needed.
Session Four
- After students have completed their research, discuss organization of the
paper.
- If desired, use the Sample Paper to outline the order that details
are included in. Typically, these stories are told in chronological order.
- To begin the organization of their papers, ask students to arrange their
completed Research Forms in chronological order.
- Using the ordered forms, ask students to create a rough outline for their
stories.
- Divide students into small groups, and ask them to share the basic details
of their research and their outlines with each other.
- Share three questions to guide group feedback on each outline:
- What is the
most surprising thing about the writer’s research and outline?
- What did you like the most about the writer’s plan?
- What question do you have about the research and outline?
- At the end of the session, remind students of the specific requirements of
the assignment, pointing to the Rubric for more information.
- ask students to use the feedback, their research,
and their outlines to write their papers for homework. Ideally, students
should complete the work in a word processor and bring the file on a disk to
the next session.
Session Five
- Answer any questions that students have after writing their papers.
- Demonstrate the ReadWriteThink
Printing Press, showing students the formats available and pointing
out those best for the assignment (probably the first newspaper layout
or one of the booklet layouts). If desired, newspaper, brochure, or booklet
can be created in Microsoft Publisher or a word processor, instead of
using the Printing
Press.
- Demonstrate how to copy the document from the word processor file and paste
it into format template. If copy and paste doesn’t work, students
can type their mini research paper directly into the template.
- Remind students to include a Works
Cited page at the end of their document.
- Copy and paste your photograph into the template.
- Print out document.
- If desired, students can add photos or other images to the booklets or
newspapers.
- If time allows, students can share their stories in small groups or with
the full class before submitting them.
Web Resources
- The Year I Was Born
http://www.pschulze.com/mini_research.htm
- This site provides additional examples of “Year
I Was Born” projects.
- Landmarks Citation Machine
http://www.landmark-project.com/citation_machine/index.php
- Students can use this interactive Web tool to create
MLA citations for the resources.
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| Student Assessment/Reflections |
Using the Self-Reflection Questions, ask students to think about the steps they took as they
worked on this assignment—what they had problems with, how they worked
out their problems, and how they feel about their final project. Use the Research
Paper Rubric to evaluate students’ work on the paper itself.
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1 - Students read a wide range of print and nonprint texts to build an understanding of texts, of themselves, and of the cultures of the United States and the world; to acquire new information; to respond to the needs and demands of society and the workplace; and for personal fulfillment. Among these texts are fiction and nonfiction, classic and contemporary works.
5 - Students employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately to communicate with different audiences for a variety of purposes.
7 - Students conduct research on issues and interests by generating ideas and questions, and by posing problems. They gather, evaluate, and synthesize data from a variety of sources (e.g., print and nonprint texts, artifacts, people) to communicate their discoveries in ways that suit their purpose and audience.
8 - Students use a variety of technological and information resources (e.g., libraries, databases, computer networks, video) to gather and synthesize information and to create and communicate knowledge.
12 - Students use spoken, written, and visual language to accomplish their own purposes (e.g., for learning, enjoyment, persuasion, and the exchange of information).
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